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Schalinski, I.; Schauer, M.; Elbert, T. |
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Title |
The shutdown dissociation scale (shut-d) |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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European Journal of Psychotraumatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Eur J Psychotraumatol |
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6 |
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25652 |
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Ptsd; Shutdown dissociation; assessment; multiple trauma; subtype |
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The evolutionary model of the defense cascade by Schauer and Elbert (2010) provides a theoretical frame for a short interview to assess problems underlying and leading to the dissociative subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder. Based on known characteristics of the defense stages “fright,” “flag,” and “faint,” we designed a structured interview to assess the vulnerability for the respective types of dissociation. Most of the scales that assess dissociative phenomena are designed as self-report questionnaires. Their items are usually selected based on more heuristic considerations rather than a theoretical model and thus include anything from minor dissociative experiences to major pathological dissociation. The shutdown dissociation scale (Shut-D) was applied in several studies in patients with a history of multiple traumatic events and different disorders that have been shown previously to be prone to symptoms of dissociation. The goal of the present investigation was to obtain psychometric characteristics of the Shut-D (including factor structure, internal consistency, retest reliability, predictive, convergent and criterion-related concurrent validity). A total population of 225 patients and 68 healthy controls were accessed. Shut-D appears to have sufficient internal reliability, excellent retest reliability, high convergent validity, and satisfactory predictive validity, while the summed score of the scale reliably separates patients with exposure to trauma (in different diagnostic groups) from healthy controls. The Shut-D is a brief structured interview for assessing the vulnerability to dissociate as a consequence of exposure to traumatic stressors. The scale demonstrates high-quality psychometric properties and may be useful for researchers and clinicians in assessing shutdown dissociation as well as in predicting the risk of dissociative responding. |
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Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany |
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PMID:25976478 |
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UU @ jana.mullerova @ |
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42184 |
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Laurenti, M.; Verna, A.; Chiolerio, A. |
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Evidence of Negative Capacitance in Piezoelectric ZnO Thin Films Sputtered on Interdigital Electrodes |
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2015 |
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ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces |
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7 |
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44 |
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24470-24479 |
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Cited By :6; Export Date: 2 November 2016 |
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IIT-CSF @ alessandro.chiolerio @ |
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42775 |
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Astanina, K.; Koch, M.; Jüngst, C.; Zumbusch, A.; Kiemer, A.K. |
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Title |
Lipid droplets as a novel cargo of tunnelling nanotubes in endothelial cells |
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2015 |
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Sci Rep |
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5 |
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11453 |
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Intercellular communication is a fundamental process in the development and functioning of multicellular organisms. Recently, an essentially new type of intercellular communication, based on thin membrane channels between cells, has been reported. These structures, termed intercellular or tunnelling nanotubes (TNTs), permit the direct exchange of various components or signals (e.g., ions, proteins, or organelles) between non-adjacent cells at distances over 100 μm. Our studies revealed the presence of tunnelling nanotubes in microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). The TNTs were studied with live cell imaging, environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy (CARS). Tunneling nanotubes showed marked persistence: the TNTs could connect cells over long distances (up to 150 μm) for several hours. Several cellular organelles were present in TNTs, such as lysosomes and mitochondria. Moreover, we could identify lipid droplets as a novel type of cargo in the TNTs. Under angiogenic conditions (VEGF treatment) the number of lipid droplets increased significantly. Arachidonic acid application not only increased the number of lipid droplets but also tripled the extent of TNT formation. Taken together, our results provide the first demonstration of lipid droplets as a cargo of TNTs and thereby open a new field in intercellular communication research. |
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2045-2322 |
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UofT @ mathieu.lemaire @ |
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45959 |
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Kadiyska, T.; Nossikoff, A. |
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Stool DNA methylation assays in colorectal cancer screening |
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2015 |
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World J Gastroenterol |
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21 |
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35 |
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10057-10061 |
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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is fourth most common cancer in men and third in women worldwide. Developing a diagnostic panel of sensitive and specific biomarkers for the early detection of CRC is recognised as to be crucial for early initial diagnosis, which in turn leads to better long term survival. Most of the research on novel potential CRC biomarkers in the last 2 decades has been focussed on stool DNA analysis. In this paper, we describe the recent advances in non-invasive CRC screening and more specifically in molecular assays for aberrantly methylated BMP3 and NDRG4 promoter regions. In several research papers these markers showed superior rates for sensitivity and specificity in comparison to previously described assays. These tests detected the majority of adenomas ≥ 1 cm in size and the detection rates progressively increased with larger adenomas. The methylation status of the BMP3 and NDRG4 promoters demonstrated effective detection of neoplasms at all sites throughout the colon and was not affected by common clinical variables. Recently, a multitarget stool DNA test consisting of molecular assays for aberrantly methylated BMP3 and NDRG4 promoter regions, mutant KRAS and immunochemical assay for human haemoglobin has been made commercially available and is currently reimbursed in the United States. Although this is the most sensitive non-invasive CRC screening test, there is the need for further research in several areas – establishment of the best timeframe for repeated DNA stool testing; validation of the results in populations outside of North America; usefulness for surveillance and prognosis of patients; cost-effectiveness of DNA stool testing in real-life populations. |
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UofT @ ankit.sinha @ |
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45144 |
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Sowers, J.L.; Mirfattah, B.; Xu, P.; Tang, H.; Park, I.Y.; Walker, C.; Wu, P.; Laezza, F.; Sowers, L.C.; Zhang, K. |
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Quantification of histone modifications by parallel-reaction monitoring: a method validation |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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87 |
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19 |
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10006-10014 |
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Abnormal epigenetic reprogramming is one of the major causes leading to irregular gene expression and regulatory pathway perturbations, in the cells, resulting in unhealthy cell development or diseases. Accurate measurements of these changes of epigenetic modifications, especially the complex histone modifications, are very important, and the methods for these measurements are not trivial. By following our previous introduction of PRM to targeting histone modifications (Tang, H.; Fang, H.; Yin, E.; Brasier, A. R.; Sowers, L. C.; Zhang, K. Multiplexed parallel reaction monitoring targeting histone modifications on the QExactive mass spectrometer. Anal. Chem. 2014, 86 (11), 5526-34), herein we validated this method by varying the protein/trypsin ratios via serial dilutions. Our data demonstrated that PRM with SILAC histones as the internal standards allowed reproducible measurements of histone H3/H4 acetylation and methylation in the samples whose histone contents differ at least one-order of magnitude. The method was further validated by histones isolated from histone H3 K36 trimethyltransferase SETD2 knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) cells. Furthermore, histone acetylation and methylation in human neural stem cells (hNSC) treated with ascorbic acid phosphate (AAP) were measured by this method, revealing that H3 K36 trimethylation was significantly down-regulated by 6 days of treatment with vitamin C. |
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UofT @ ankit.sinha @ |
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45227 |
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Slik, J.W.F.; Arroyo-Rodríguez, V.; Aiba, S.-I.; Alvarez-Loayza, P.; Alves, L.F.; Ashton, P.; Balvanera, P.; Bastian, M.L.; Bellingham, P.J.; van den Berg, E.; Bernacci, L.; da Conceição Bispo, P.; Blanc, L.; Böhning-Gaese, K.; Boeckx, P.; Bongers, F.; Boyle, B.; Bradford, M.; Brearley, F.Q.; Breuer-Ndoundou Hockemba, M.; Bunyavejchewin, S.; Calderado Leal Matos, D.; Castillo-Santiago, M.; Catharino, E.L.M.; Chai, S.-L.; Chen, Y.; Colwell, R.K.; Chazdon, R.L.; Clark, C.; Clark, D.B.; Clark, D.A.; Culmsee, H.; Damas, K.; Dattaraja, H.S.; Dauby, G.; Davidar, P.; DeWalt, S.J.; Doucet, J.-L.; Duque, A.; Durigan, G.; Eichhorn, K.A.O.; Eisenlohr, P.V.; Eler, E.; Ewango, C.; Farwig, N.; Feeley, K.J.; Ferreira, L.; Field, R.; de Oliveira Filho, A.T.; Fletcher, C.; Forshed, O.; Franco, G.; Fredriksson, G.; Gillespie, T.; Gillet, J.-F.; Amarnath, G.; Griffith, D.M.; Grogan, J.; Gunatilleke, N.; Harris, D.; Harrison, R.; Hector, A.; Homeier, J.; Imai, N.; Itoh, A.; Jansen, P.A.; Joly, C.A.; de Jong, B.H.J.; Kartawinata, K.; Kearsley, E.; Kelly, D.L.; Kenfack, D.; Kessler, M.; Kitayama, K.; Kooyman, R.; Larney, E.; Laumonier, Y.; Laurance, S.; Laurance, W.F.; Lawes, M.J.; Amaral, I.L. do; Letcher, S.G.; Lindsell, J.; Lu, X.; Mansor, A.; Marjokorpi, A.; Martin, E.H.; Meilby, H.; Melo, F.P.L.; Metcalfe, D.J.; Medjibe, V.P.; Metzger, J.P.; Millet, J.; Mohandass, D.; Montero, J.C.; de Morisson Valeriano, M.; Mugerwa, B.; Nagamasu, H.; Nilus, R.; Ochoa-Gaona, S.; Onrizal; Page, N.; Parolin, P.; Parren, M.; Parthasarathy, N.; Paudel, E.; Permana, A.; Piedade, M.T.F.; Pitman, N.C.A.; Poorter, L.; Poulsen, A.D.; Poulsen, J.; Powers, J.; Prasad, R.C.; Puyravaud, J.-P.; Razafimahaimodison, J.-C.; Reitsma, J.; dos Santos, J.R.; Roberto Spironello, W.; Romero-Saltos, H.; Rovero, F.; Rozak, A.H.; Ruokolainen, K.; Rutishauser, E.; Saiter, F.; Saner, P.; Santos, B.A.; Santos, F.; Sarker, S.K.; Satdichanh, M.; Schmitt, C.B.; Schöngart, J.; Schulze, M.; Suganuma, M.S.; Sheil, D.; da Silva Pinheiro, E.; Sist, P.; Stevart, T.; Sukumar, R.; Sun, I.-F.; Sunderland, T.; Suresh, H.S.; Suzuki, E.; Tabarelli, M.; Tang, J.; Targhetta, N.; Theilade, I.; Thomas, D.W.; Tchouto, P.; Hurtado, J.; Valencia, R.; van Valkenburg, J.L.C.H.; Van Do, T.; Vasquez, R.; Verbeeck, H.; Adekunle, V.; Vieira, S.A.; Webb, C.O.; Whitfeld, T.; Wich, S.A.; Williams, J.; Wittmann, F.; Wöll, H.; Yang, X.; Adou Yao, C.Y.; Yap, S.L.; Yoneda, T.; Zahawi, R.A.; Zakaria, R.; Zang, R.; de Assis, R.L.; Garcia Luize, B.; Venticinque, E.M. |
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An estimate of the number of tropical tree species |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
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112 |
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24 |
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7472-7477 |
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The high species richness of tropical forests has long been recognized, yet there remains substantial uncertainty regarding the actual number of tropical tree species. Using a pantropical tree inventory database from closed canopy forests, consisting of 657,630 trees belonging to 11,371 species, we use a fitted value of Fisher’s alpha and an approximate pantropical stem total to estimate the minimum number of tropical forest tree species to fall between ∼40,000 and ∼53,000, i.e., at the high end of previous estimates. Contrary to common assumption, the Indo-Pacific region was found to be as species-rich as the Neotropics, with both regions having a minimum of ∼19,000–25,000 tree species. Continental Africa is relatively depauperate with a minimum of ∼4,500–6,000 tree species. Very few species are shared among the African, American, and the Indo-Pacific regions. We provide a methodological framework for estimating species richness in trees that may help refine species richness estimates of tree-dependent taxa. |
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CES @ dilipnaidu.gt @ |
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43105 |
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Allum, F.; Shao, X.; Guénard, F.; Simon, M.M.; Busche, S.; Caron, M.; Lambourne, J.; Lessard, J.; Tandre, K.; Hedman, Å.K.; Kwan, T.; Ge, B.; Multiple, T.H.E.R.C.; Rönnblom, L.; McCarthy, M.I.; Deloukas, P.; Richmond, T.; Burgess, D.; Spector, T.D.; Tchernof, A.; Marceau, S.; Lathrop, M.; Vohl, M.C.; Pastinen, T.; Grundberg, E. |
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Characterization of functional methylomes by next-generation capture sequencing identifies novel disease-associated variants |
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2015 |
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Nat Commun |
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6 |
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7211 |
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Most genome-wide methylation studies (EWAS) of multifactorial disease traits use targeted arrays or enrichment methodologies preferentially covering CpG-dense regions, to characterize sufficiently large samples. To overcome this limitation, we present here a new customizable, cost-effective approach, methylC-capture sequencing (MCC-Seq), for sequencing functional methylomes, while simultaneously providing genetic variation information. To illustrate MCC-Seq, we use whole-genome bisulfite sequencing on adipose tissue (AT) samples and public databases to design AT-specific panels. We establish its efficiency for high-density interrogation of methylome variability by systematic comparisons with other approaches and demonstrate its applicability by identifying novel methylation variation within enhancers strongly correlated to plasma triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol, including at CD36. Our more comprehensive AT panel assesses tissue methylation and genotypes in parallel at ∼4 and ∼3 M sites, respectively. Our study demonstrates that MCC-Seq provides comparable accuracy to alternative approaches but enables more efficient cataloguing of functional and disease-relevant epigenetic and genetic variants for large-scale EWAS. |
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2041-1723 |
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45631 |
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Das, S.; Batra, S.K. |
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Understanding the Unique Attributes of MUC16 (CA125): Potential Implications in Targeted Therapy |
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2015 |
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Cancer Res |
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75 |
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22 |
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4669-4674 |
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CA125, the most widely used ovarian cancer biomarker, was first identified approximately 35 years ago in an antibody screen against ovarian cancer antigen. Two decades later, it was cloned and characterized to be a transmembrane mucin, MUC16. Since then, several studies have investigated its expression, functional, and mechanistic involvement in multiple cancer types. Antibody-based therapeutic approaches primarily using antibodies against the tandem repeat domains of MUC16 (e.g., oregovomab and abagovomab) have been the modus operandi for MUC16-targeted therapy, but have met with very limited success. In addition, efforts have been also made to disrupt the functional cooperation of MUC16 and its interacting partners; for example, use of a novel immunoadhesin HN125 to interfere MUC16 binding to mesothelin. Since the identification of CA125 to be MUC16, it is hypothesized to undergo proteolytic cleavage, a process that is considered to be critical in determining the kinetics of MUC16 shedding as well as generation of a cell-associated carboxyl-terminal fragment with potential oncogenic functions. In addition to our experimental demonstration of MUC16 cleavage, recent studies have demonstrated the functional importance of carboxyl terminal fragments of MUC16 in multiple tumor types. Here, we provide how our understanding of the basic biologic processes involving MUC16 influences our approach toward MUC16-targeted therapy. |
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45164 |
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Rajaraman, K.; Godthi, V.; Pratap, R.; Balakrishnan, R. |
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A novel acoustic-vibratory multimodal duet |
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2015 |
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J. Exp. Biol. |
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218 |
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19 |
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3042 |
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The communication strategy of most crickets and bushcrickets typically consists of males broadcasting loud acoustic calling songs, while females perform phonotaxis, moving towards the source of the call. Males of the pseudophylline bushcricket species Onomarchus uninotatus produce an unusually low-pitched call, and we found that the immediate and most robust response of females to the male acoustic call was a bodily vibration, or tremulation, following each syllable of the call. We hypothesized that these bodily oscillations might send out a vibrational signal along the substrate on which the female stands, which males could use to localize her position. We quantified these vibrational signals using a laser vibrometer and found a clear phase relationship of alternation between the chirps of the male acoustic call and the female vibrational response. This system therefore constitutes a novel multimodal duet with a reliable temporal structure. We also found that males could localize the source of vibration but only if both the acoustic and vibratory components of the duet were played back. This unique multimodal duetting system may have evolved in response to higher levels of bat predation on searching bushcricket females than calling males, shifting part of the risk associated with partner localization onto the male. This is the first known example of bushcricket female tremulation in response to a long-range male acoustic signal and the first known example of a multimodal duet among animals. |
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CES @ dilipnaidu.gt @ |
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Wright, A.A.; Cronin, A.; Milne, D.E.; Bookman, M.A.; Burger, R.A.; Cohn, D.E.; Cristea, M.C.; Griggs, J.J.; Keating, N.L.; Levenback, C.F.; Mantia-Smaldone, G.; Matulonis, U.A.; Meyer, L.A.; Niland, J.C.; Weeks, J.C.; O’Malley, D.M. |
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Use and Effectiveness of Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Treatment of Ovarian Cancer |
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2015 |
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J Clin Oncol |
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33 |
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26 |
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2841-2847 |
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PURPOSE: A 2006 randomized trial demonstrated a 16-month survival benefit with intraperitoneal and intravenous (IP/IV) chemotherapy administered to patients who had ovarian cancer, compared with IV chemotherapy alone, but more treatment-related toxicities. The objective of this study was to examine the use and effectiveness of IP/IV chemotherapy in clinical practice. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective cohort study of 823 women with stage III, optimally cytoreduced ovarian cancer diagnosed at six National Comprehensive Cancer Network institutions. We examined IP/IV chemotherapy use in all patients diagnosed between 2003 and 2012 (N = 823), and overall survival and treatment-related toxicities with Cox regression and logistic regression, respectively, in a propensity score-matched sample (n = 402) of patients diagnosed from 2006 to 2012, excluding trial participants, to minimize selection bias. RESULTS: Use of IP/IV chemotherapy increased from 0% to 33% between 2003 and 2006, increased to 50% from 2007 to 2008, and plateaued thereafter. Between 2006 and 2012, adoption of IP/IV chemotherapy varied by institution from 4% to 67% (P <.001) and 43% of patients received modified IP/IV regimens at treatment initiation. In the propensity score-matched sample, IP/IV chemotherapy was associated with significantly improved overall survival (3-year overall survival, 81% v 71%; hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.99), compared with IV chemotherapy, but also more frequent alterations in chemotherapy delivery route (adjusted rates discontinuation or change, 20.4% v 10.0%; adjusted odds ratio, 2.83; 95% CI, 1.47 to 5.47). CONCLUSION: Although the use of IP/IV chemotherapy increased significantly at National Comprehensive Cancer Network centers between 2003 and 2012, fewer than 50% of eligible patients received it. Increasing IP/IV chemotherapy use in clinical practice may be an important and underused strategy to improve ovarian cancer outcomes. |
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UofT @ ankit.sinha @ |
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